Growing Tips

Cactus is undoubtedly a great addition to your indoor or outdoor garden, thanks to its unique shape, striking sizes, and colorful flowers. Having said this, you may have been prompted to ask, ‘how can I reproduce my cactus?’ Well, the answer is simple; through propagation! Propagation is one of the most effective ways to increase your collection of cacti without spending a penny. All you need to do is learn the best practices in cutting and propagating cactus.

So how do you cut and propagate a cactus? Most cacti species can be propagated through stem, leaf or offshoot cuttings. For species whose stems grown in segments like the Christmas cacti and the prickly pears, individual segments are cut off the main plant before propagation. For offshoot propagation, the sections are cut or snapped from the parent plant before being repotted in a new container.

How to cut and propagate cacti from stem cuttings

Step 1:

Take your cutting from the top of a mature cactus. Ensure you go for a mature and disease-free piece from your cactus. In the case of columnar cacti, go for the thin stem that will root faster.

Step 2:

Cut off the stem just a few inches from the top. Do this using a clean cutting tool to avoid infection risk to both the propagated and parent plants. Ensure the cut is as clean as possible without any traces of dents or crushes.

Let the new cutting rest in the sun for a few days to allow the wound to form a callous.

Step 3:

Fill your pot with good potting soil ideal for cactus. This should be a light soil mix that allows proper drainage (Here are our recommended ones).

Step 4:

Once the end of your cutting dries out, stick it upright into the soil mix with the wound end facing down. You may want to dip your cutting in some rooting hormone before planting to help spur root development.

Step 5:

Lightly water the soil. Keep doing this every few days to help encourage the development of roots.

By following these steps, your cactus should root within a few weeks. However, the speed of root growth will be dependent on the cactus variety, size of the cutting and efficiency in watering. You can then introduce your new cacti to sunlight to help maintain color and shape. The roots will keep growing, but you may not experience any substantive stem growth within the first year.

How to cut and propagate cactus through crafting

What you will need:

• The Rootstock and Scion
• Sharp Knife
• Electric Tape
• Rubber bands
• Heavy Gloves

Grafting is a process where two pieces of plants are blended to produce a stronger hybrid. Here, the top portion (scion) is grafted onto the plant with roots on the ground (rootstock). For cactus, grafting is often preferred for ornamental or colorful species like the moon cactus and the coral cactus.

Step 1:

Choose a healthy scion and rootstock. The two plants will need to be closely related and similar in size. The more closely related they are, the better the chances of survival and overall development into a healthy plant.

Disinfect your knife by rubbing in alcohol or simply washing with warm soapy water. This helps avoid the introduction of fungal infections and other diseases.

Step 2:

After determining that the diameters are similar, cut the two plants using a sharp knife. You can choose to do a diagonal cut or a v-shaped cut, depending on your preference. Make the cuts as perfect as possible to help create a perfect match.

Step 3:

Place your scion onto the rootstock without leaving any gaps in between. For better chances of survival, ensure that the ring in the middle of the stem, hereby called the vascular cambium, matches up. This part comes in handy to help transport nutrients from the roots to the top of the plant.

Step 4:

Secure your graft by wrapping and electric tape, rubber bands or twine around the grafted area. Keep the grafted cactus in a warm location away from direct sunlight.

Step 5:

Water your cactus cautiously to avoid water getting in contact with the grafted area. With time, the vascular cambiums will match and create a new plant.

Within a few months, the graft should merge successfully, and you can then remove the binding. As a rule of thumb, the rootstock should be a fast-growing plant, while the scion can be a slow-growing variety. Some common cacti species that can be used as scions include trichocereus and Spachianus.

Propagating through offsets/offshoots

Propagation by use of offsets or pups is another popular and effective way to reproduce cactus.  This is especially so for cactus species that produce such offsets. Some cactus species would send out mature offsets to grown on their own while in the wild. However, you can do this personally for your indoor cactus. By removing these offsets, the parent plant focuses more on its strength, health and production of even more offsets. Notably, propagation of cactus through offsets has the highest success rates compared to other methods.

Step 1:

Identify a mature cactus with enough offsets already. You can then pick out offsets that are about 2 inches long. These are healthier and stronger to withstand the new environment and thus grow faster.

Step 2:

Remove the pups from the parent plant by hand. Do this by twisting it a little from the point of connection with the parent. Break it off gently to avoid causing unnecessary tears or cuts. Alternatively, you can use a sharp knife to cut the offset from the parent plant.

Step 3:

Set the offset aside for a few days as you prepare your potting mix and container.

Step 4:

Plant the offset by inserting about a quarter of the stem into the soil and leave it in the shade for a few days. Take care not to water your new plant immediately after planting as this may increase chances of infection attack or rotting. Instead, wait for about 5-7 days to start some light watering regime.

Cutting and propagating cactus through pads

Reproducing cactus by pads is as popular as it is easy if looking to expand your collection. However, not all cactus species can be propagated using pads. Some species do not grow pads and thus propagated by other means already discussed. Follow these steps to propagate your cactus through pads:

Step 1:

Using a pair of tongs, break off a mature pad from the parent plant. Alternatively, you can snap it by hand if you have thick gloves to put on for protection against spikes. This should be a clean job for most cacti species, but if the process proves challenging, you can use a sharp knife to cut off the pad.

Step 2:

Allow the pad to callous over for a few days before laying it flat on top of your potting soil. Soak the soil as you would when watering your other cactus. Do this regularly by ensuring the soil remains moist but not too dump. This helps spur root growth, and in no time, your plant will hold on to the soil and growth into a strong, healthy plant.

How to root a broken piece of cactus

As much as we can propagate most cactus varieties through cuttings when the need arises, sometimes accidents may occur, and a cactus breaks off from the mother plant.  In such a case, the best course of action would be to find a way to turn the broken piece or cactus cutting into a new plant. A cactus will root much easily when the right conditions are met. The following are some vital steps you can take to root a broken cactus.

Step 1:

Get a sharp knife and disinfect it with alcohol or soap and warm water. This should come in handy to avoid the risk and spreading diseases to the new and existing plants.

Step 2:

Carefully inspect the broken piece. If you notice any jagged or uneven part, cut it off with your knife. Jagged cuts tend to rot off easily, thus making rooting a challenge.

Step 3:

Set your piece aside for some time to heal and callous over. The time taken for this to happen will highly depend on the size and variety of your cactus. The weather conditions will also contribute to the same, and this may anywhere from a couple of days to even weeks. The piece should be kept in a bright spot but should not face direct sunlight.

Step 4:

Prepare your pot by filling it with the right potting soil for cactus. Your pot should have proper drainage holes to help drain any excess water during your watering regimes.

Step 5:

Deep your cutting in rooting hormone to help catalyze the development of roots. This step is, however, optional.

Step 6:

Plant your piece by inserting the broken, dried end into your potting mix. The piece should get in about a third into the soil. Keep the piece erect and pack some soil around to secure it. You can then place your pot in a bright area but avoid direct sunlight.

Step 7:

Do not water your new plant immediately. Give it a timeline of about 2 to 4 weeks. Once the soil is completely dry, you may start your watering regime.

Step 8:

As the roots start to form, introduce your plant to sunlight, albeit in bits. Roots should form within two to six weeks. To check for root development, try pulling the plant gently. If you feel some resistance, then it is a sign that roots are already developed. Increase the intensity of sunlight as the roots develop even further.

When not to propagate a cactus

Cacti have become popular in homes and gardens thanks to their ease of propagation.  Even for a beginner, rooting and propagating a cactus should be a walk in the park as long as you follow the basic guidelines.

This said, it is not always that you can propagate a cactus. There are certain conditions and seasons under which it may not be a good idea to cut or propagate your cactus. To increase the success of your propagation, avoid these conditions and seasons:

During a Heatwave

During a heatwave, most plants are usually stressed up and would be focusing on survival. As such, they may not be in the best condition to multiply. The plant will face many challenges to develop new roots due to the stress at this point. As such, it pays to be patient until the heatwave passes or a milder condition sets it.

However, in cases where your cacti are kept indoors, the heatwave may not be too harsh compared to the outside environment. In such cases, you may consider propagating from the comfort of your room. Alternatively, you can keep your cactus in a temperature-controlled environment away from the effects of the heatwave experienced outdoors.

During freezing temperatures

During winter, cacti go dormant thanks to the frost and freezing temperatures. As such, they will not be actively growing until the conditions are right. This will not be the best time to propagate your cactus due to the slow growth experienced. With slow growth comes the risk of rot and attack by diseases.

Additionally, this is not the best time to cut or prune your cactus as it will face a hard time trying to grow back and thrive. This is also the reason it is not advisable to fertilize or feed your cactus in any way during the cold season.

Factors to consider when propagating a cactus

• Always ensure that you get your cutting, pads or offsets from a healthy plant. This should help improve the success of your propagation and led to a healthy, thriving new plant.
• Water your main plant a few days before you take out its cuttings. This will ensure that the cuttings are well fed and not flaccid. Flaccid cuttings may not root as easily, and some never do.
• Always ensure you take out the cuttings, offsets or pads from different parts of the plant. This helps retain the shape and overall look of the parent plant.
• Ensure your cuts are clean, devoid of any jagged parts. Slight tears on the cutting decrease the chances of the plant ever developing roots.
• Always wear heavy hand gloves when breaking off your offsets or pads from the parent plant. This helps avoid injuries from cactus spines.

Can Cacti be propagated from seed?

Talk of cactus propagation, and what comes to mind immediately is cuttings, pads and offsets. So can cactus be grown from seeds? The fact is, as much as this may not be a popular form of propagating cactus, some varieties do well when grown from seeds.

Unlike propagation from cuttings, the success rate of using seeds for cactus is lower, and the plant may take much longer to grow and mature. Nevertheless, using seedlings is an ideal way to grow rare cacti species that may not do well with propagation from cuttings or those that do not produce pups of offsets.

The best thing about growing cacti from seeds is that they get acquainted with the climatic conditions from day one. This helps in adaptation to the region and will thus grow much healthier.

Notably, some cacti species can produce seeds through self-pollination. These include such species as mammillaria, Echinocacti and Cereus. However, some cacti species may need some help for pollination to happen. This can be done by shaking the stamens to enable pollen to get into the pestle.

While most cacti species would flower, few end up producing seeds due to challenges in pollination.

When growing cacti through seeds, take the following into consideration:

• Cacti seeds perform best when sown in early spring
• Cacti seeds can be pretty tiny, and there are chances of losing a good number. To avoid this, use a white cloth or other material when working on them for better visibility.
• The best way to find good quality cacti seeds is by buying them from certified dealers. However, you can also collect them from fruits if working on a tight budget.

Propagation of cactus cannot be possible without the right tools and expertise. It all starts with mastering the art of cutting the pieces into ready specimens for planting.  Whether you are looking to propagate your cactus through cuttings, pads or offsets, always set the piece aside to callous over before planting. This helps improve the chances, speed and rate of rooting.

The option you choose when propagating your cactus will be largely dependent on the cactus variety and its age. Ensure you have the right information about your cactus species before cutting or propagating the plant.

The Bunny Ears cactus (Opuntia Microdasys) is a popular cactus species native to Mexico.  This low-maintenance succulent has grown to become a favorite for ornamental plant enthusiasts, thanks to its cute, rabbit-ear-shaped pads. If you are looking for an ideal cactus species for your desert, xeriscape or rock gardens, Bunny Ears cactus got you covered. What’s more, they also make good indoor plants and are neglect resistant, thus ideal for the busy folk or those who travel frequently. The success in growing this prickly companion, however, lies in its care. It is important to understand how best to grow and care for the cactus from infancy to a full-grown cactus.

So, how do you grow a Bunny Ears cactus? Bunny Ears cactus is mostly propagated through its pads. The pad is potted using a good cactus mix that includes 40 percent sand, 40 percent potting soil and 20 percent peat moss. The plant needs consistent moisture, low humidity and plenty of light during its growing season. Fertilization should be done every other water period, and repotting should be done every 1 or 2 years.

This article will be looking at how best you can grow and care for the Bunny Ears cactus. It will be expounding on growth factors like propagation, potting and repotting, fertilization, watering, lighting and pest control.

Basic features of the Bunny Ears cactus

• Bunny Ears comes from the Opuntia genus that majorly contains flat cacti species. The genus is one of the most popular and widespread across the U.S.
• The cactus grows in a shrubby form and may reach heights of 40 to 60 centimeters.
• Bunny Ears has no defined central stem but rather bears individual segments in the form of oval-shaped pads. From these pads form additional segments that always grow in pairs.
• The cactus stands out with its paired succulent stems that grow up to 15 centimeters long and 12 centimeters wide.
• The cactus features some distinctive whitish-yellow prickles, otherwise called glochids. These are hair-like spines rarely seen in other cactus species. These hairs grow in clusters and are more sensitive than human hair.
• Bunny Ears cacti have close relatives in O.Rufida cactus that features reddish-brown glochids. In fact, they are treated as the same species in some quarters.
• When well cared for, the cacti blooms around the summer from June to July. Their flowers measures about 5 centimeters in width.

Potting and repotting

Bunny Ears cactus will do best in some well-draining sandy soil. For better results, look for a clay pot with drainage holes that help drain excess water. Fill this pot with good cacti potting soil. For potting soil, you may decide to go for the commercial, pre-packaged version or create your own soil mix at home.  

In case you decide to make your soil mix, ensure that it includes 40 percent sand, 40 percent potting soil and 20 percent peat moss. This would help improve aeration around the plant’s root system and prevent the soil from getting too soggy. Whatever the case, always ensure that the soils used do not pose any risk of water clogging as this may lead to root rot for the cactus.

Bunny Ears may be slow-growing but will develop an extensive root system with time. As such, it is recommended that you repot the cactus every 1 to 2 years. The best time to do this is during the summer, just after the blooming period ends.

When repotting, always ensure that your container of choice is at least 2 to 5 centimeters larger than the previous pot. Too big a container, and you run the risk of water clogging that leads to root rot.

The Bunny Ears cactus needs close attention during the first year of its repotting as this is the most vulnerable phase. This would involve regular watering to help spur healthy root development. Such close inspection also helps ensure that no pests attack the plant at this stage.

Special care for specific seasons

Bunny care requires specific care and attention during each season.  Failure to follow the right regime for these seasons may result in your plant experiencing growth challenges and may fail to bloom. Here are some important care tips for each season:

Spring, summer and Fall

Bunny Ears is actively growing during these warmer months and would take advantage of full light and average temperatures of about 80 degrees Fahrenheit. Keep the soil moist during these seasons, but just enough to avoid excess water that may lead to root rot. You can only add water once the soil feels dry to your touch. With these in place, your prickly companion will flower in early summer with bright yellow blooms.

Winter

Bunny Ears cactus enters some semi-dormant mode during winter. As such, you may not need to do much in terms of fertilization or watering. During this period, strive to offer a controlled climate that resembles that of its natural habitat.

As the fall season comes to an end, relocate your cactus to an area with lower temperatures of about 50 degrees Fahrenheit. This should be away from any heating vents or radiators. Ensure that the plant does not experience any light. While in this location, the plant may exhibit some unusual coloring by turning light grey. However, this should not be much of a worry as this dormant state is a vital part of the plant’s growth and sustainability.

Watering

Just like any other desert plant, the Bunny Ears cactus does not need much water but just enough to improve nutrient uptake and keep the plant healthy. While in its natural habitat, Bunny Ears adopts a shallow root system to help tap on the little rainwater that comes by once in a while.

During its initial stages, extra care should be taken as the plant adapts to its new environment. Once they develop an extensive root system, watering should be done sparingly as they can tolerate long periods of dry weather. This is what makes the Bunny Ears a favorite choice for busy individuals or those that travel frequently.

However, just the right watering will help encourage blooming and improves the plant’s overall health. As a rule of thumb, water the cactus once the first inch of soil feels dry to the touch.

For better results when watering, you may decide to use a tray under the pot to help drain out any excess water. During the winter, you may not need to do any watering but make sure you start the watering regime as soon as the spring season starts. Between Spring and Fall, the plant is actively growing and will need enough water to stimulate nutrient uptake.

Take care not to overdo your watering as this may result in root rot or worse still, the pad tips withering out.

Propagation

So you finally have a full-grown Bunny Ears cactus and wishing that you had multiples of the same? Well, the good news is you do not need to go back to your favorite arborist or rush to buying other specimens. Instead, you can easily and conveniently propagate your cactus through its flatty pads.

The best time to propagate the Bunny Ears cactus (and any other cactus, for that matter) is during the early summer.  Once the bunny cactus is fully mature, it produces multiple healthy pads that you can easily detach from the mother plant.

However, caution should be exercised during this process as the cactus can be very clingy to the skin, thanks to its glochids. Always ensure that you wear thick gloves to avoid the risk of injuries from pricks to the skin. Alternatively, you may use a pair of tweezers to break the pads off.

During propagation, group the cacti cuttings in at least three pads. Let the cuttings callus for a few days before planting. You can then remove the baby stems before planting the pads in ideal pots with fresh cacti soil mix.

Bury the cutting about 2.5 centimeters deep and place your pot in a well-lit location. This is an ideal depth, deep enough to offer the right support and shallow enough to let roots develop without the risk of rotting.

In some cases, you may see the need to dip your pads in rooting hormone before planting.  This practice helps catalyze the propagation and rooting process.

Temperatures and lighting

Being a desert plant, Bunny Ears cactus thrives in slightly higher temperatures. It prefers temperatures that range between 21 and 37°C. During the winter season, however, the cactus prefers much cooler temperatures.

Bunny Ears cactus is known to drain any excess water just before winter kicks in. The practice helps it avoid freezing during the cold months. This explains why watering during this period can be detrimental to the health of the plant.

From late Fall, the cactus should be exposed to temperatures that range between 10 to 18°C.

Following these strict temperature specifications is vital for the plant’s survival as anything contrary could mean serious harm to the cactus’ overall health. As such, you may need to keep changing locations of the plant depending on the season to help keep it at the optimum recommended temperature ranges.

The Bunny Ears is one of the cactus species that prefer sufficient lighting. This may not be much of a problem if you are growing in the garden or outdoors. However, when growing indoors, you may need to mind your positioning.

Place your cactus in a south-facing, unobstructed window but should not get in contact with direct sunlight. West-facing and East-facing windows are also viable choices to position your Bunny Ears. If natural light is hard to come by, you may see the need to use grow lights for the same.  Regardless of the season, Bunny Ears thrives best with a humidity of between 10 to 30 percent.

Fertilization

Contrary to popular opinion that desert cactus like the Bunny Ears do not require fertilizer, these prickly companions will fare much better with the right fertilization. Liquid houseplant fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 20-20-20 works best for this type of cactus.

The fertilizer should, however, be diluted to at least half of its recommended strength.  This is because Bunny Ears cactus cannot withstand a high concentration of NPK. If you are more focused on seeing the cactus bloom, you may need to use 5-10-10 fertilizer.

Whatever the case, always ensure that you fertilize the cactus during its active season, preferably during the summer. Take caution not to overdo the fertilization as this may mean an abnormally rapid growth. This stimulated growth usually leads to misshaped and weak pads. Do not fertilize newly potted Bunny Ears cactus until it develops a strong root network.

Proper fertilization of the Bunny Ears cactus leads to a healthy plant and promotes the likelihood of the plant flowering. A happy bunny cactus has more chances to bloom and develop healthy fruits compared to a neglected one. If you are too busy or travel frequently, create an ideal timetable as a reminder. Alternatively, you can find someone to take over when you are not around.

Pest control

Bunny Ears cactus occasionally faces attacks from several pests. These include:

Mealybugs – these create some white patches on the cactus’ pads, giving it an unappealing look.

Scale Insects – they cause a brown cab effect on the cactus’ pads

Getting rid of these pests on the Bunny Ears cactus can be tricky thanks to its glochids that easily attach to the skin. For more efficient control, use a pair of thick gloves to handle the plant. You can then dip some cotton swabs into 70% isopropyl rubbing alcohol and dab the pests. Repeat the process after a week, depending on the extent of damage to the plant.

Flowering Season

Bunny Ears cactus may flower at any time when it deems conditions right. However, it is known to start budding in late spring. Once the segment is fully formed, budding would start at the tip.  It then goes on to blossom into 2-inch wide flowers.

The Bunny Ears cactus produces creamy yellow flowers that go ahead to fade into peach as soon as they are fertilized. The flowers would later turn into some 2-inch long fruits that may vary in color ranging from red to purple. Notably, Bunny Ears cactus is a good bloomer and bloom encouragement may not be necessary.

Apart from the edible stem, the Bunny Ears cactus produces edible fruits. The fruits can be eaten raw or cooked on the BBQ. This was one of the main sources of food for natives in times gone by. Considering its prickly nature, you may need to be extra careful when harvesting the fruits. Ensure you have thick protective gear in your hands before harvesting the fruit.

FAQs on the Bunny Ears cactus

Q. Is Bunny Ears cactus poisonous to pets?

Bunny Ears stem, flowers and fruits are non-toxic and thus safe when placed around pets. However, it would be noted that the cactus has glochids that may be irritating when it comes to contact with the skin. As such, you may find it prudent to place it in positions out of reach for curious pets and children.

Q. Why is my bunny years stunted?

Bunny Ears cactus may experience student growth or poor health as a result of overwatering or under-watering. In some cases, this may lead to the plant drying out end eventually dying.

Q. Why the name Bunny Ears cactus?

If you look closely, the cactus sprouts a pair of segments at the end of each tip. These segments resemble a bunny’s ears, thus the nickname.

Q. Why is my Bunny Ears falling over?

The most common cause of bunny years falling over is overwatering. Once the soil around the cactus becomes too soggy, its roots rot and become too weak to support the plant.

Q. What causes brown patches on my Bunny Ears cactus?

Brown patches on the pads of the Bunny Ears cactus can be a result f several factors. It may be a case of pest infestation as the pests love drawing the sap from the cactus. A drop in temperatures and overwatering may also lead to brown patches.

Conclusion

With the right care, Bunny Ears cactus can be an excellent choice for any cactus enthusiast. The good thing about the Bunny Ears cactus is that it can withstand neglect. As long as they are exposed to enough sunlight and placed in a warm environment, you are good to go. Occasional fertilizing and regular watering helps keep the plant healthy and encourages blooming at the right time.

When working with Bunny Ears cactus, always ensure that you repot them once they are ripe for the same. This not only keeps it healthy but also encourages the production of tiny pads that can then be used during propagation.

Bunny Ears cactus is as captivating to grow as they are to look. It makes just the perfect addition to your indoors, thanks to its bunny appearance. The next time you come across it, you may consider trying it out for your indoors or, better still, your desert garden.

Cacti are desert plants adapted to survive in arid and semi-arid conditions. In most cases, these areas are low on nutrients. Based on this fact, there is a classic misconception that cactus does not need any fertilizer when grown at home. Nothing could be further from the truth. As much as cactus is known to grow in areas with limited nutrients and water, it needs a little fertilizer to keep it healthier, stronger and better bloomers. However, cactus is notably selective when it comes to fertilization. There are specific characteristics that make up a good choice of fertilizer for cacti.

So, what is the best fertilizer for cacti? While a cactus does not need a specific blend of fertilizer, it requires preferably organic, low on NPK, containing humic acids and beneficial soil microbes like mycorrhizae and probiotics. It should also be slow release and higher in phosphorous than nitrogen.

This article will be looking at the best fertilizer for cacti regarding their characteristics, importance, and how best to apply. It will be looking at the various options available, application frequency, and soil compatibility.

Before we start, here is a list of our favorite and recommended Fertilizer (Here)

Importance of fertilizer on cactus

As a cacti enthusiast, you would already know that this succulent will thrive with the right temperatures, air, water, and soil, but is that all? Once in a while, you may stumble upon some talk about fertilizer.  Does your cactus need fertilizer? This may not be a simple question to answer because while research shows most cacti would survive in the barren deserts, the same cannot be said about indoor or garden cactus. You want your cactus to remain healthy, strong and glowing. This is where the importance of fertilizer comes in.

A good fertilizer is the much-needed confidence booster for your plant to bloom and flower better and deal with other environmental stresses much easily. Cactus fertilizer can be administered by mixing it into the soil, top dressing, or liquid form.

Importance of NPK fertilizer on cactus

Cactus plants need a balanced blend of NPK  to help promote the growth of the plant. As such, nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous come in handy. Nitrogen helps cactus plants grow healthier and more robust.  This means brighter colors and brighter, larger, fuller leaves. This, in turn, prolongs the plant’s life.

 Potassium, on the other hand, works best for flowering cactus as it encourages better blooms and eventually improved fruit production. Finally phosphorous helps cactus plants fight diseases and remain healthy throughout their lifetime. Notably, cactus is not affected much by diseases while in its natural habitat, but potted plant tends to be susceptible to diseases and pests.

Balancing the right amount of fertilizer for cactus

Getting the right fertilizer is one thing but understanding the right balance in terms of application is a different ball game altogether. Remember, it is not much about frequency or the amount but more about doing it right.

Succulents are known to hold on to a good amount of dissolved nutrients. As such, the risk of over-fertilization is imminent. Too much in terms of nutrient boost and the plant will grow too quickly, thus leading to some stringy cacti getting weak on the stems. On the other hand, under-fertilization could also mean your cactus run the risk of facing nutrition deficiencies.  Based on this, it is advisable that you fully study your cacti type and determine the best way to fertilize for better growth. This may call for the services of an experienced arborist.

Why do cactus prefer organic fertilizer

As already established, a cactus needs fertilizer with lower doses of NPK. Based on this, organic fertilizer will work best because it contains lower doses of NPK. What’s more, nutrients from organic fertilizers stay much longer in the soil. This gives enough time for the fertilizer to work symbiotically with the soil to better feed the plant. Organic fertilizer also offers your cacti some beneficial compounds that can be taken up by the plant much naturally as needed by the plant.

The slow absorption of organic fertilizer by cacti plants means that the plant takes in just the right amounts of nutrients at a time. This prevents the plant from being overwhelmed or chocked as would usually be seen in some cases of chemical fertilizers. What’s more, organic fertilizers encourage the development of living soil microbes that help break down the plant’s nutrients for better absorption.

Importance of Humic Acid, Probiotics and Mycorrhizae in cactus fertilizers

Cactus need simple organic compounds for their nutritional needs. In this regard, humic acid comes in handy to act as chelators that break down minerals into simple organic compounds. This ensures easier availability of such compounds for the nutritional needs of your cactus. Additionally, humic acid also ensures that unwanted toxins in the soil are neutralized and do not get absorbed by the plant.

Probiotics and Mycorrhizae, on the other hand, help ensure that the soil remains ‘alive.’ Over time, it improves the soil’s nutrient content and its ability to keep plant growth for much longer. This symbiotic relationship helps keep the soil improving over time. Considering that cactus live longer, this comes in handy.

However, as a word of caution, do not use fertilizer meant for lawn care on your cactus. As much as they may contain the same composition, these have high nitrogen content that can be detrimental to your cactus. The high nitrogen content speeds up vegetative growth, and this is counterproductive when applied to cactus plants.

Top 6 Best Fertilizers for Your Cacti

1.      Compost manure

Compost manure is as natural as Mother Nature can get. Compost manure from grazing animals like goats, sheep, horses, and cows have been proven to be the best fertilizer for cactus. This type of fertilizer is slow to break down and stays longer in the soil thus keeping the plant healthier and more productive for longer.

Compost manure is ideal for outdoor cactus owing to its strong lingering smell.  However, it can still work for indoor plants that do not need frequent attention with just the right mix. This fertilizer works by releasing beneficial carbon content, revitalizing the soil composition, and improving aeration for better plant growth.

2.      Dr. Earth Premium Gold Pure & Natural Fertilizer

With just the right balance of NPK, Dr. Earth Dr. Earth Premium Gold Pure & Natural Fertilizer proves to be the best option for your cactus. This is especially so in cases where you notice your plants changing color. With a concentration of 10-10-10, the fertilizer works its magic to improve the health of leaves, fight diseases, improve root growth, and encourage better blooms.

When mixing this fertilizer, practice much caution to ensure that it is not too concentrated. Too much of the same, and you run the risk of burning up the roots and eventually killing the plant. For better results, apply this fertilizer by mixing it with water during watering. One teaspoonful of the fertilizer will work with one gallon of water.

3.      Organic Worms

Are you looking into going fully organic with your cactus fertilizer? Then it may be time to get yourself some wiggly worms. Organic worms are known to release some nutrient-rich waste in the form of castings beneficial to your cactus. These worms can be bred in small containers and fed on vegetable waste.

As these earthworms eat away, they, in turn, excrete waste that helps enrich the soil around. With time, they will multiply and release enough casting to help improve the soil’s organic matter. Worms are known to release up to 60 different nutrients that include calcium, carbon, magnesium, nitrogen, and much more. You can apply worm castings by working into the soil, side dressing or top dressing.

Worm castings come in handy to help balance the soil’s pH, thus making it easier for your cacti to absorb all the much-needed nutrients. For better results, ensure that you mix your worm castings with soil during potting.

4.      Grow Better Organic Cactus & Succulent Fertilizer

Your cactus needs enough food for an extended period. As such, you need just the right slow-release fertilizer for this cause. Grow Better Organic Cactus & Succulent Fertilizer is the best choice in this case as it takes at least two months to release all its nutrients. This means a longer time for your cactus to receive enough nutrients. This keeps the cactus healthy and productive all through its growth period.

Grow Better Organic Cactus & Succulent Fertilizer works for both indoor and outdoor cactus. What’s more, it blends well with a variety of soil types. You can choose to apply by either adding to your top dressing or mixing it when making your potting soil.

5.      Miracle-Gro Succulent Plant Food

Miracle-Gro Succulent Plant Food is a liquid-based fertilizer that helps give your cacti a healthy boost. Cactus love liquid fertilizer as it seeps deep into the soil much faster to offer the much need nutrition to the thirsty roots. In cases where your cacti portray signs of being a little under the weather, Miracle-Gro Succulent Plant Food steps in to improve its nutrient uptake and offer the plant the much-needed strength.

Since the fertilizer comes concentrated, it helps offer an instant boost to weak plants and restores them to their healthy ways in record time. When using Miracle-Gro Succulent Plant Food, make sure that you read its instructions carefully as the wrong portions could be detrimental to your cactus.

 You can choose to apply the fertilizer directly to the soil or, better still, mix it with water and include it in your watering regime.  The frequency of application may vary based on the season and weather conditions but once a week is the recommended frequency to help keep the cacti vibrant.

6.      Authentic Haven Brand Manure Tea

If you prefer going organic for your fertilizer, then you may be tempted to create your own manure tea. While this may be possible, it may call for enough expertise, time and resources to make it a reality. Based on this fact, you are better off going for a tried and tested option in the name of Authentic Haven Brand Manure Tea. This cactus fertilizer has been expertly balanced to ensure that it works best for your succulents without the risk of burns to the roots.

Preparation for this type of manure is similar to that of your regular cup of tea. Steep your manure tea into some water to help tap into the nutrients.  Let it sit in the water for more than 24 hours. The result will be some dark brown water. You can then use this solution on your plants once the soil is dry. The manure tea, just like a teabag, can be used a second time. For the second time, however, you will need to steep a while longer than the first.

The best option for manure tea comes from horse and cow manure. This is closely followed by goat and sheep manure.  However, manure from pigs and chicken may not be ideal, thanks to their high nitrogen concentration. You may opt to make your own fresh-cured manure or go for the ready-made manure tea bags.

Here is a list of our favorite and recommended Fertilizer (Here)

Best Season to apply cactus fertilizer

You may have the best fertilizer, but if you do not understand the right timing for application, this will be all in vain. When planning to fertilize your cactus, keep in mind the weather conditions and growth progress of the cactus. Usually, cacti experience slow growth during the winter, which may not be the best time to apply fertilizer.

Fertilization of cactus should be done when the plant is growing actively. Doing so will help deter toxic salts from multiplying in the soil. This is, preferably, during the summer months.  However, if you are using true organic fertilizer like compost manure, you may need to worry too much about timing as these can remain in the soil much longer and will only be sued by the plant when the need arises.

How ideal are chemical fertilizers for cactus?

While chemical or inorganic fertilizer could be an option when seeking cactus fertilizer, its application can be tricky. To start with, chemical fertilizers are made from fast-acting, unnatural elements, and procedures. This gives it the ability to feed the plant directly with high supplement concentration for rapid nutrition. While this can be advantageous to other types of plants, the same cannot be said about cactus. Being a plant adapted for arid areas with limited nutrients, cactus is not accustomed to rapid intake of nutrients. As such, inorganic fertilizer may lead to the plant getting overwhelmed and shocked.

If you have to use chemical fertilizers for cactus, it is recommended that you dilute the same to the right proportions. The dilution ratio may differ depending on the type of soil, size and type of cactus in question. As such, you may need the services of an experienced arborist to complete this feat.

Consideration when using cactus fertilizer

Cacti and succulents, in general, are specific on the type of fertilizer and soil needed to remain healthy and flourishing. However, you would also appreciate the fact that this specification may differ from species to species. For better fertilization, it is important to keep in mind the following factors in relation to soil and type of fertilizer:

Well-draining  – For success in your fertilization endeavor, it is prudent to make sure the soil in question is well-draining. When potting your cactus, ensure that the potting mix contains lighter material like gravel, sand, and such other small but hard matter. These are well suited for cactus since they are not tightly packed and thus allow room for both water and fertilizer to filter through and feed the plant in the right portions. In the case of excess water, the soil can easily drain off to avoid cases of root rot.

Balanced nutrition – since cactus requires a balanced combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, it is crucial to ensure the fertilizer you go for adhere to the right ratios. Nitrogen is the most important element among these, and so getting fertilizer and soil with just the right amounts of nitrogen is a win for cactus growth.

Neutral pH – Soil pH is an important factor when determining the right fertilizer for your cactus. Ensure that your potting mix has a neutral pH. This should be anywhere between 6 and 8 on the pH scale.

Cactus is one of the most resilient plants that can withstand the harshest of weather. This makes them low maintenance even when grown at home. This is especially so in terms of watering and fertilization. Cactus does not need a specific blend of fertilizer but will thrive best on organic fertilizer made with low NPK. While chemical fertilizer can still be used on cactus, it is not recommended if you do not understand the right proportions, thanks to its high concentration of NPK.

Hope you enjoy this article, here is a list of our favorite and recommended Fertilizer (Here)

Whether you are a budding houseplant enthusiast or you have been tending them for yours, you must have heard or come across a cactus plant. Cactus may be a unique plant-based on its growth pattern, size and shape, but it is the easiest to care. When looking for that one plant to add some pomp in your space, a cactus should be on top of your list thanks to its low maintenance and ease of care.

So, Is cactus easy to take care of? Caring for a cactus depends on how well you approach factors like potting, drainage, fertilization and lighting. By choosing healthy seedlings, getting the right potting soil that easily drains water, moderate lighting and occasional fertilization with the right balance of NPK fertilizer, then caring for cactus should be easy.

This article will be looking at how easy it can be to care for a cactus by considering the right care tips.  It will delve into the dos, and don’ts when tending to cactus plants. It would then wrap up with factors that will make it super easy to care for cactus plants.

Choosing the right pots and potting soil

While in its natural habitat, cactus plants thrive best under arid conditions. Based on this, it is advisable to try as much as possible and replicate the same conditions when growing cactus at home. After choosing a healthy seedling, ensure that you get an ideal pot. A good pot for cactus should have drainage holes to help drain out excess water.

Cactus also needs the right soil mix. You want to get a soil mix that does not hold much water nor drain out too fast. Cactus prefers soil with enough sand and rock to replicate their natural habitat. When it comes to soil, you may choose to go with commercial mixes or make your own soil mix at home. The type of soil mix to go for depends on your cactus variety, but as a rule of thumb, a good soil mix should have some bit of peat that helps hold moisture.

Cactus thrives best with a soil mixture that includes potting soil, pumice and coir in the ratio of 5:2:1 respectively. With this mixture, the soil will dry out evenly and give room for the plant to use up its nutrients effectively. However, you may see the need to tweak this recipe depending on the cactus variety in question.

Watering

Watering a cactus can be a tricky affair. On one hand, you know they are plants and would, obviously need water to survive. On the other hand, you are also conscious of the fact that these are desert plants adapted to survive in areas with little water. The trick here is knowing how best to balance the two. The truth is, cacti need enough water to thrive; they just happen to have a unique ability to survive longer without water.

If you are looking to get vibrant cacti that will produce healthy blooms, you got to get your watering regime right. As a rule of thumb, always make sure that the soil is dry between your watering routines. Too much water can easily lead to root rot, and this can mean premature death of your prickly companion.

You would fare much better in sunny areas or locations with high heat conditions by watering your cactus once every week. However, when winter hits, you can cut down on watering since, at this point, the plant is dormant and won’t need much nutrient uptake. If you are not sure when to water, you may want to check on the soil moisture from time to time. Once you note that the first 2 or  3 inches of the potting soil is dry, it is time to water. Always make sure that excess water drains out from the pot. This helps prevent chances of root rot.

Lighting

Cacti are desert plants, and so it is only natural that they will prefer some adequate amounts of sunlight. However, when positioning your cactus at home, they should not be exposed to direct sunlight as this can led to burns. Based on the variety, cacti need varying amounts of light throughout the day. As such, you may see the need to keep changing their positions or simply place them in moderate light all through the day. In this case, a south-facing window will work best.

Some signs of too much light may include the plant turning brown or yellow on the side facing the sun. In case this happens, relocate the plant to a cooler location for some time and let it heal up. In cases where you cannot access the natural sunlight, then you may opt for artificial lighting in the name of grow lights. This is a special type of lighting that can replicate that of the sun and help keep your plants healthy.

Fertilization

Think of a cactus and the picture that comes to mind is a plant that can survive in arid conditions with limited nutrient supply.  With this notion, you may be tempted to think that cactus does not need any fertilizer. Nothing could be further from the truth. Cactus needs the right amounts of fertilizer just like any other plant to help it grow actively, bloom better and multiply much faster.

A good fertilizer for cactus should have the right balance of NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium) where in this case, phosphorous should be higher than nitrogen. Cactus will work best with soluble or liquid fertilizer as these can be taken up easily by the plant.

Make a weekly inspection of your cactus for any signs of new growth regarding fresh needles, new leaves or a general increase in size. Any new growth noted should be a sign that the plant needs fertilizer. Otherwise, it is recommended that you fertilize your cactus at least once a year. Only apply fertilizer when the plant is actively growing and cut down the same during the winter months as the plant will be in a semi-dormant state at this point.

Success tips when caring for a cactus

Understand your specific cactus species care tips

Good lighting, the right soil, watering and fertilization are not enough to guarantees success when caring for cactus. Success in cactus care starts from making the right choice of cacti for the right conditions. Cactus will thrive better in certain conditions depending on the species. As such, you must choose a cactus species that can easily fit into your weather conditions apart from fulfilling its purpose of adding some pomp in your indoors or garden.

When buying your prickly companion, take time to determine the exact species of the plant you are buying. Your arborist should be in a position to expound more on the specific care tips for your particular choice.  On the other hand, knowing your cactus type will help you do your own research online or elsewhere in terms of how best to take care of the plant.

Look out for pests

Contrary to popular opinion, cactus is occasionally susceptible to pests.  As such, it is advisable to keep a close watch on your cactus pans for any signs of pests from time to time. Some of the common pests that attack cactus plants include mealy bugs, scale and spider mites. The earlier you note them, the better as this will give you ample time to get rid of them without much hassle. You can use several pesticides to get rid of such pests, which will depend on your cactus variety and the type of pest in question.

Avoid getting pricked

By planting cactus indoors, it can only mean one thing; constant contact from time to time. Considering that most cactus plants have pricks or spikes, these may cause bodily harm if not handled carefully. When relocating or inspecting your cactus plants, use some thick hand gloves or wrap some sheets of paper around the plant before handling them. Alternatively, you may also use moving blankets to help protect your hands from the plant’s spines.

Keep Succulents Clean

Depending on the position of your cactus indoors or out in the garden, they will pick up dust and all sorts of dirt with time.  This can be detrimental to its growth. As such, it is advisable to wipe its leaves regularly and stems with a clean cloth. This not only helps keep the plant vibrant but also improves is overall outlook and appearance.  This should be done as per need basis depending on the overall conditions of the room, but as a rule of thumb, clean your cactus whenever you are cleaning your room and tending to your garden. With a clean cactus, you can easily note any changes in terms of discoloration, dents or even pest infestation.

Cacti are generally low-maintenance plants. Give them access to sufficient light and a minimal amount of care, and they flourish.  In fact, you can even ignore a cactus plant, but it will still thrive. But one of the easiest ways of killing a cactus plant is by overwatering.  In fact, overwatering kills these succulents much faster than underwatering. It is also the primary cause of root rot among cacti plants.

So, can an overwatered cactus be saved?  If the overwatering has already caused extensive root damage, then it might be difficult to save your dying plant. However, if you realize the problem earlier, then it is possible to help your plant bounce back with proper care. The most critical thing is to assess the damage accurately and initiate the process of saving the plant as soon as possible.

In this post, we discuss everything you need to know about overwatering cacti plants. The dangers of overwatering, the signs & symptoms, and how you can save an overwatered cactus plant.

Dangers of Overwatering a Cactus

The most common problem gardeners have to deal with when starting out with cacti plants is overwatering. But this might come with a hefty price that is so painful to pay as we had mentioned in the introduction. So, what are some of the dangers of overwatering a cactus plant?

1. Loss of color

Most cacti plants have different tones of green ranging from the lighter lime hues to the deep virid shades.

However, an overwatered cactus will mostly appear pale and dull. The discoloration usually starts slow such that you may even miss to notice any significant difference between the plant’s original and present color.

Over time, the green color turns to yellow due to chlorosis that occurs as a result of overwatering. Chlorosis refers to the loss of the green pigment and can lead to stunted growth and poor flowering of the plant.

Keep in mind that when there is too much water in the potting mix, the plant can no longer absorb nutrients properly. Therefore, your cactus stops flourishing because it lacks essential nutrients.

2. Soggy and droopy plant

Overwatering can also result in soggy and droopy plants due to too much moisture. Typically, if you touch your plant and notice that its stem feels soft and mushy, you should be worried.

The reason behind the softness and mushiness is that the stem cells are filled up with excessive water molecules and are now bulging outwards.

When the pressure builds up, the tissues of the plant start to swell and eventually rupture. The bursting of the tissues distorts the plant’s internal transportation structure such that it is no longer able to transport water and nutrients to other parts.

With time, different parts of the plant start drooping and falling off one by one. For large cacti species such as the Saguaro, the entire plant may topple over because it can no longer support its weight.

3. Root rot & death

When a cactus plant is exposed to excessive moisture, decomposition is bound to happen. A waterlogged soil interferes with air supply to the roots leading to root rot.

In most cases, rotting attacks the plant starting from the root tips before it starts spreading to the base. Since root rot happens below the surface, it is usually difficult to realize the damage until it is too late.

When the rot is worse, your plant becomes stunted, and sections of the stem may fall off when you touch them. It will then start to turn black, and if nothing is done to salvage the situation, the cactus will eventually die.

Signs of Overwatering

The truth is that it may be difficult to know if you are overwatering your cactus because the symptoms may be misleading. In the beginning, an overwatered cactus may show signs of health and happiness. It will flourish and even develop new growth.

However, things may not be the same underground.  As we have mentioned above, the plant’s roots start rotting when they are waterlogged. The unfortunate thing is that the roots below the surface may be suffering, yet the plant is deceiving you with a healthy and happy appearance.

But, it is still possible to catch the signs early if you observe your plant keenly. You should slow down watering when you notice any of the following symptoms:

• Wilting: Your plant may become visibly droopy and sad looking
• Edema: Blisters and bumps that leave permanent scars on the surface of your plant start forming
• Squishy stems and spines
• Yellowing: The color of your cactus starts turning from green to yellow. The change might be gradual, and it is easier to save your plant if you catch it early other than wait until the whole plant turns yellow.
• Leaf drop: For cacti plants such as the Christmas cactus, leaves will start dropping easily even when the plant is healthy.

Saving an Overwatered Cactus

While cacti plants are among the most forgiving plants, overwatering is an exception to the rule. So, what are you supposed to do when you realize you have been overwatering your plant?

1. Re-pot with dry soil

If you are 100% sure that you have been overwatering your cactus, the best thing you can do is take the plant out of its pot and then re-pot it with dry potting mix. After re-potting, lay it out to dry for a few days before you water lightly.

During this process, be sure to check the overall status of the roots. If you discover any root rot, use a sharp and clean knife to cut away the rotted sections. Make sure you are not re-potting it with damaged tissues.

Keep in mind that if you leave any rot behind, no matter how small it might be, it will start to spread to other parts of the plant.

2. Get rid of all dying leaves and stems

If you start to notice sections of the stem or leaves falling off, then it is a clear indicator that you have been overwatering your plant. At this point, take time to get rid of all the dying stems and leaves.

If a section of the stem is rotted but the leaves/spines are still intact, consider cutting off that section even if it means doing away with the few leaves attached to it.

For your cactus plant to survive, you must cut and remove all the infected parts because the rot spreads to other areas.

3. Start watering properly

Once you have re-potted your plant and ready to go, make sure you correct the mistake you have been committing all along; stop overwatering.  Proper watering will be vital in preventing further problems. It also gives your plant a good chance of surviving.

Do not water your plant immediately after re-potting. Instead, wait for at least one week and make sure your first watering is light. From there, you should only be watering your plant when the top two inches of the potting mix is completely dry.

Do not water your plant from the bottom and never leave it sitting in a source of water for too long. Whatever you do, just keep in mind that it is better for your cactus plant to be dry than wet.

In fact, underwatering is not a serious issue and rarely kills cacti plants. A good rule of thumb is to water your indoor cacti once every ten days. 

How to Prevent Overwatering

The best way to make sure your cactus grows without any problems is to find out its water requirements and try as much as possible not to overwater it. While this is not an easy thing to do, especially if you are a beginner, there is a general watering rule that can help you.

Typically, you should let your potting mix dry out completely between watering sessions. This means that you should always measure the moisture level in the soil before watering your plant. You can achieve this by dipping your finger in the soil to feel the level of wetness before you water.

If your finger feels wet when you dip it into the potting mix, wait for a few days and test the soil moisture again before watering.

Also, it is good to keep in mind that cacti plants require less water in the winter. In fact, a cactus may require watering only once per month during winter. Some species can even survive through the entire winter without watering.

No matter the time of the year, it is essential to ensure your potting soil is well-draining and never allow your plant to sit in standing water because the results can be catastrophic.

Final Thoughts

Proper watering is a tricky skill that you can only learn through practice. If you are just starting out, there is a high probability of overwatering your plants.

However, with time, you will start learning about the water requirements of your plant, and you will be able to tell if you are overwatering it. Don’t feel bad if you can’t crack it during the first few months because it is a learning process.

If you have ever overwatered your cacti plants and saved them, let us know what you did in the comments section below.